PAPER ID:IJIM/Vol. 10 (II)/ /June/17-21/4

AUTHOR: Dr. Shallu Sachdeva

TITLE : ISLAMIC SPIRITUALITY AND MUSIC

ABSTRACT: Music in Islam has been a subject of deep theological debate, oscillating between prohibition and acceptance. While orthodox Islamic jurisprudence often denounces music as unlawful (haram), liberal scholars and mystics, particularly Sufis, have embraced it as a means of spiritual elevation. Though the Qur’an does not explicitly mention music, its recitation and the call to prayer (adhan) reflect musical elements appreciated by the faithful. Historical instances, such as the use of music in jihad or celebrations like weddings and pilgrimages, show its pragmatic integration into Islamic life. Sufi mystics such as Al-Hujwiri, Al-Sibli, and Jalal ad-Din Rumi viewed music not merely as entertainment, but as a divine instrument for spiritual transformation, leading to ecstatic states and divine union. Sufi orders like the Chishti and Suhrawardi institutionalized musical practices through Sama and Zikr gatherings, emphasizing personal spiritual experiences over rigid orthodoxy. This paper explores the theological discourse on music in Islam, its historical applications, and its unique spiritual role within Sufi traditions, portraying music as both a contested and sacred element in the Islamic spiritual landscape.

KEYWORDS : Islamic music, Sufism, Sama, Zikr, Qur’an and music, Al-Qaradawi, Al-Hujwiri, Ghina, Whirling Dervishes, spiritual ecstasy, Islamic mysticism, Chishti Order, Suhrawardi Order, Pir-Murid tradition, Islamic theology and art, Rumi.

Click here to download Fulltext

Download the Certificate of Author